Art With Significance

Art With Significance

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The ancient Persian empire was centered around the fertile plateau now known as Iran. The region was a melting pot for many people groups as they crossed the plateau while traveling between Asia and Europe as early as 5000 BC. The resulting culture is rich in history and tradition.

Although writing has become the avenue for expression in almost all cultures, in Iran it has risen to an art form known as calligraphy. The art of calligraphy adorns very ancient artifacts from Iran. The earliest are found on animal skins and later, tablets of clay were used. These early writings are of a cuneiform type alphabet embellished with scrolls, leaves and artistic flair. Historically, Iranian calligraphy is found on earthen and metal vessels and as design elements on buildings.

Calligraphy has always been highly regarded in Persian culture. Kings and princes often sponsored calligraphers and commissioned their royal manuscripts to be written by master calligraphers. It was a mark of nobility to have royal libraries filled with the artwork of calligraphy. A related art form developed as extravagant book coverings were produced. Beautifully engraved leather bindings combined with the interior artwork of calligraphy make each book a piece of art. Such books currently grace museums around the world.

As Islam rose to be the predominant religion of the region, calligraphy took on a new significance. Writing became the creative outlet for the artistic. Coincidentally, the expressive nature of calligraphy made it an exceptional medium for conveying the message of religious text such as the Koran. Calligraphy added a visual dimension to the text, which allowed for better expression of deep spiritual emotion. Not surprisingly, spiritual and religious thoughts are often contained in the art of calligraphy.

In the Persian culture there is little distinction between the arts and faith. There is even less distinction between art forms. Music, painting, poetry and calligraphy are all used to communicate human emotion and beliefs. A single example of Persian art may contain religious thoughts expressed in poetry, images and calligraphy. The role of one is not considered more important than the others. The intent is to convey complex thoughts and ideas using art.

Calligraphy has a unique ability to do this. The spatial nature of calligraphy can be compared to music. Just as certain musical notes and melodies are arranged, repeated, emphasized and understated; letters, phrases or words may be repeated, echoed, or highlighted in calligraphy.

Much thought, care and creativity is put into the elements of a calligraphic composition. Repetitive patterns and flowing elements produce a sense of rhythm and a musical quality. The result is an experience for the viewer that is fuller and richer than mere words could provide.

Even when the writings of Persian calligraphy are not fully understood, the visual beauty of this art form has endeared it to many. It can be found adorning the walls of prestigious offices and the homes of private collectors around the world.

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